Coffee roasting machine



March 1, 1938. Q s, c so 2,109,597

COFFEE ROASTING MACHINE Fil ed Aug. 1936 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 SA NFORD E. Haws: o/v

, INVENTOR ATTORNEY March 1, 1938. s. E. RICHESON COFFEE ROASTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 8, 1936 8 Sheets -Sheet 2 4 6 f Y 0 w w m m r w m 0" 1 T n T 4 A z a 9 m f I Y 0 B R 0 9 0 6. a 6 7 4 8t brill w 3 ..T| ,u 4 i 6 u March 1, 1938. s. E. RICHESON COFFEE ROASTING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 8, 1936' you, A Mann ATTORNEY March 1, 1938. s. E. RICHESON 2,109,597

COFFEE ROASTING momma Filed Aug. 8, 1936 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 1 I u l l 0e 35 j as I 54 I 484 I A I :1-

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H I 7 I r e or. 6 SANFORDERICHESONQ By Hg. 4.

"ATTOR EY March 1, 1938. s. E; RICHESON 2,109,597

- COFFEE ROASTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 8, 1936 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 U or. SANFORD Elfin/M101? en BY 9 manor- ATTORNEY March 1, 1938. -s RICHESQN 2,109,597

COFFEE ROAST 1N6 MACHINE Filed Aug. 8, 1936 8 Sheets-Sheet e ATTORNEY 15 uct.

Patented Mar. 1, 1938 a PATENT oI- lcr.

2.109.591 corrnn noas'rm'c monmn Sanford E. Richeson, New York, N. Y., assignor to Bicheson Company,

Inc., New York, N. Y., a

. corporation of New York Application August a, 1936', Serial No. 94,914

11 Claims.

My invention relates to coffee roasting machines and has particular reference to machines for roasting coffee beans, corn, nuts and similar products, and more particularly, to machines employing electric heaters.

It is a common practice among the large firms to roast coffee in large roasters and in large quantities, and to distribute it to dealers who, in

turn, sell it to their customers. It is well known,

however, that the roasted coffee deteriorates with age. Consequently, many coffee concerns seal their coffee in cans and some of them mark on each can the date of roasting and sealing. This in an effort to insure the consumer a freshprod- The obiect of my invention is therefore to provide a small and compact coffee roasting machine which can be used by ordinary grocery stores for V roasting cofiee in small quantities as may be required by their customers.

Another object'of my invention is to provide a machine whichnot only roasts the coffee, but also cleans it from chaff and humidifies the product,

i being entirely automatic and operated by electric current, so that it can be used for roasting coffee by busy clerks in stores with scarcely more skill or attention than is now required togrind it. 1

Another object of my invention is to provide means to automatically maintain the required roasting temperature in the roasting chamber and to automatically charge the roasting chamber with a measured quantity of agreen coifee when the temperature reaches the desired limit.-

For this purpose I use an electric heater with a 5 thermostatic control and an automatic feeding device, controlled by the thermostat.

Another object of my invention is to provide means in thecoifee roasting machine for cleaning the roasted product by brushing it over'a perforated plate so that dirt, chaff and small particles of coffee may fall through the perforations and away from the product; and simultaneously to blow air through the coffee andthereby .carry away the fine dirt and chafi; and to humidify the coffee by moisture carried in the air current.

Another object of my invention is to provide means for automatically dropping the coffee from the roasting chamber after expiration of a predetermined time, onto the perforated plate; and,

after a predetermined time of brushing and cleaning on the plate, to drop it into a bottom hopper, fromwhich it can be scooped out as the finished roasted, cleaned and humidified product.

Another object of my invention is to provide.

, stops.

means for preventing the feeding device from delivering new portions of th green coffee into the roasting chamber when the electric switch is turned off, but permittingthe operations of roasting and cleaning of the product to be continued 5 to their completion before the machine finally Another object of my invention is to provide a roasting'chamber for coffee, made of a heat resisting glass so as to render the green coffee and 10 the roasting operation tobe visible from the outside; also to have the heating unit enclosed or partly enclosed'in a container made of a heat resisting glass of high silica content, and .to provide, a magnifying glass for a window in a com 1 partment where the roasted product is delivered so as to expose it to view.

The use of refractory glass for the roasting chamber has certain advantages, as it permits the roasting operation to be observed, it does not rust 20 which- Fig. 1 is a front view of. the assembled machine.

Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view taken on the 35 line 2-2 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 man end elevation with the cover removed on the line 3-3 of Fi 2.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the line 1-4 of Figs. 2 and 5. Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken on theline.

55 of Figs. 2, 3 and 4.

Fig. 6.is a vertical section imilar to Fig. 5

as taken on the line 5- of Figs. 2, 3 and 4, but 45 with the roasting chamber tilted to discharge the coffee, and with the frame casting 48 broken away to show the parts beyond.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section taken on the line '|'I of Figs. 2, 3 and 4. 50

Fig; 8 is a detail view taken on the line 8- 8 of Fig. 2..

Fig. 91s a. wiring diagram. Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken on the line 01-! of Figv 55 I line lll| ofFizs. 5,7

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view taken on the and 10.

Fig. 12 is a plan view of the cam shaft and cams.

Hg. 13 is a vertical sectional view of the lower part of the machine taken on the line 5 of Figs. 2, 3 and 4, showing air currents, the humidifler and filters The identical parts are indicated by the same numerals in the drawings, and different ends or portions of the elements are indicated by the numerals with added characters.

The machine comprises. two vertical lower chambers 55 and 56 resting on the floor, with a pipe 51 connecting them as shown in Fig. 14. This carries a vertical wall 59 enclosing a chambar, and wall 53 supports an intermediate plate casting 66, this part of the machine being elliptical in form asshown in Fig. 2. On one end of the plate 66, the right as shown in the drawings, is a vertical cylindrical wall 6| enclosing a chamber circular in plan, and the wall 6| carries a top plate casting 62. Plate 62 carries a cylindrical receiving hopper-63, made of a refractory glass, such as Pyrex, with a removable cover 66.

Projecting from the chamber 6| over the left portion of theplate 66, is a. cylindrical horizontal glass roasting chamber 26, as shown in Figs. 1, 2,

32, chain 33 and sprockets 15,5, 7, and 11, and as will be further hereinafter explained. The machine is driven by an electric motor 36 through a worm 3|, worm gear 34 and 35.

The principal steps 'in the roasting operation are as follows: the receiving hopper receives the green or raw coifee. From there it falls into a measuring hopper 22, admitted thereto by a sliding door 23. The door 23 then closes and the sliding door 26 opens, discharging a hopperful of coffee into thechute 25, as shown in Figs. '7, 2

and 4. From the chute 25 it slides between three arms 31A into the rotating cylindrical roasting chamber 26. In the chute 25 it is agitated and aided in its sliding movement by an'oscillating arm 21 pivoted at the bottom of the chute. The arms 31A are inclined in a. propeller fashion so that by their rotation they push the coffee to the left in Fig. 7 into the cylinder 26.

with

- The roasting chamber or container 26 has a double wall made of a refractory transparent materialsuch as high silica glass like Pyrex, and the space between the walls may be evacuated.

It is heated by an electric heating coil 26 wound spirally .on a porcelain core 26. This is partly surrounded by a glass case 66, the latter also having double walls with vacuum between them.

They are mounted on a stationary pipe 6| by flanges 62 and 63.

longitudinally of the cylindrical roasting chamber 26 and on the walls'thereof, are two bars 66, shown in Figs. 5, 10 and 11, and these carry vanes or agitators 65 inclined as in Fig. 5. As the cylinder and the vanes rotate arrow-wise, the heater 66 stationary,'the vanes stir the coifee and carry it from the entrance at the right, shown in Fig. '1, toward the opposite end of the cylinder. The heater casing if is mounted out of the path of the moving material so as to' pre-" vent the coffee to be roasted with the cover of the heater.

Theroastingchamber 26 isheld by a ball bear- -by direct contact ing" in ermine casting asshownin-Flg. 5 v

and be hereinafter further explained. The casting 66 has a bottom leg Awhich is pivoted on a stationary pin 66-. When the coffee has bem'roasted as above described, the fr me 66, and into the cleaning pan 66. The pan 66 is circular with a perforated bottom 68A, and a portion of its wall 663 is of wire gauze, as shown in plan in Fig. 2 and in the vertical section Figs. 5 and 6. A brush 66 is rigidly mounted on a vertical shaft 16. It has stiff wire bristles projecting from its under side, and they sweep the coffee over the perforated plate 66A. At the same time, a fan 1| pulls air through the gauze section 668, down through the coffee being swept, down through the perforated plate 66A, into the fan intake "A and through the fan itself, as shown in Figs. 5, 6, 13 and 14. The dirt and chaff fall through the perforations by gravity and are carried by the air current. The larger heavier particles lodge in the chaff pan 12, Fig. 5,

' which can be periodically withdrawn and emptied.

A door portion'66C of the bottom of the pan 66 j is not perforated and is hingedly supported on a part 66D. After a predetermined period of cleaning, the door 66D'opens; the brush 69 sweeps the coffee over it, and the roasted and cleaned coffee falls through the open door 660 into a chamber 13, whence it can be scooped out by a scoop 16.

The mechanical moving parts of the machine are operated by an electric motor 36 mounted on an intermediate casting 36, the latter being secured to the plate casting 66. The motor shaft has a worm 3| in mesh with a worm gear 32, the

down through an opening 66A in the casting latter being on the same shaft with a sprocket 34 connected by'a chain 33 with a sprocket 350m a shaft 16. The shaft 16 has a worm 19 driving a worm gear 66. The latter turns freely on a cam shaft 6| journaled in-bearings 89 and 86 mounted in housings 6| and 92. Rigid with the wheel 66 is one half 62 of a jaw clutch. A gear also turns freely on the camshaft 6|, and rigidly connected with the gear 66 is the other half 63 of the jaw clutch. A lever 93 shifts the .gear 66 longitudinally of the cam shaft 6| to engage and disengage the clutch 02-43, as will be hereinafter more fully explained. The gear 66 drives the gear 65 which is rigidly attached tothe shaft 66 by a key or other suitable means. At its opposite end, the shaft 66 carries a gear 61 rigidly mounted on it, this gear being in mesh with a gear 66 keyed or otherwise rigidly fitted on the cam shaft'6l. Through the gearing described, the worm gear 66 drives the cam shaft 6| when the clutch 62-63 is in engagement, and then only. A fulcrum shaft 66 is held rigidly in bearing members Ill and L62 mounted in housings 6| and 32, and on the shaft I66 there are mounted several levers to be later described.

The frame casting 66 has a leg A which is pivoted on a. stationary pin 63 as above described and shown in Fig. 5.

A frame member I66 is rigidly attached to. the casting 66 by screws I61. A pipe 6| is rigidly fixed in the frame member I66 having a screw thread 4 IA; and an eye-bolt m is screwed into the frame member at or otherwise fixed rigidly thereto.

' 28-29-48 is rigidly attached to the pipe M, as

" casting 48 A is that the roasting chamber 28 rotates, while the ing' 48, and as the casting set forth hereinbefore and shown in Figs. 10 and 11. And as the pipe H is held rigidly to the frame casting 48, the heater does not rotate.

' A cap 'I I9 is screwed over the end of the pipe H. The opposite end of the pipe 4l is plugged. A flexible air hose I38 runs from the outlet of the fan 1I through the cap H9. The air current from the fan is driven thence through the pipe 4I and out through holes 4IB to the heating coil 29 within the glass case 48, as shown in Figs. 5, l and 11. There it is heated and is then admitted out into the roasting chamber 28 to deliver its heat to the coffee. Electric wires I39 also pass through the cap H9 and through the pipe H to the heating coil 28.

As shown in Fig. 5, the the ball bearing 41 is fixed in the casting 48 and is held rigidly in its place by a plate 48 screwed into the casting 48, The inner'member 41B of the ball bearing 41 is fitted rigidly onthe hollow shaft 58, the latter being thereby rotatably sup.- ported on the ball bearing 41. A gear I on the shaft 58 serves to rotate the latter, as will be hereinafter described.

Rigidly attached to the hollow shaft 58 is a spider 31, comprising a hub 31B and a rim 31C. The outer and inner glass cylinders 28A and 28B of the roasting chamber 28 are fitted and cemented to the rim 31C. The two-cylinders are fitted and cemented to the rim 38. The metal rims and glass cylinders are held securely together by bolts 39. The cylinders form an -airtight space betweenthem which may be evacuated. The end of the roasting chamber 28 is sealed by metal plates I89 and IIII with an insulating packing III of asbestos or other'suitable material between them. A plate II2 covers the end of the chamber and is held in place by a bolt H3 which may slide non-rotatably in the plate H8, compressing the spring II4'as a ball I I5 is screwed on its end. The arms 31A of the spider arespaced apart to let the cofiee slide between them, and are inclined to move the coffee to the left as they rotate, ashereinbefore set forth. A plate H8 is fastened to the frame'casting 48 by screws H8 with asbestos or other insulation H1 between them to conserve the heat. A gear I25 on the worm shaft drives an idle gear I25, the latterdriving a gear 5I and thereby driving the hollow shaft 58 and the roasting chamber 28, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The idle gear- I26 is carried by the am 483 of the frame and tilts with this casting. Thus it outer member 41A of heater unit 28-29-48 is non-rotatable. After the cam I83 has tilted the roasting chamber as shown in Fig. 6, the weight of the chamber brings it back to the horizontal position of Fig. 5. A spring 138 overcomes the weight partially and aids the cam and the driving mechanism. 7

A door54 is pivoted on a pin I21 fitted in the frame casting 48 as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6. Lever I28 is pivoted on a stationary pin I29, A pin I3I is fixed rigidly in the leg 48A of the cast- 48 tilts, the pin I3I presses the lever I28 to the right as in Fig. 6.

The lever I28 is flexibly connected to the door 54 by a link I32, and as the lever I28 is pressed to the right, it pulls the door 54 open. As the roasting cylinder moves back to horizontal position, a

spring I33 pulls the door shut.

A cam I48 is rigidly mounted on the rotating hollow shaft 58, as shown in Fig. 5. It engages a pin I on a. lever I42. As shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the levers I42 and I43 are rigidly mounted on a small shaft I44, which oscillates in a bearing in' the arm 48D of the frame casting 48, as the cam I48 rotates. The lever I43 is flexibly connected to a lever I45 by a link I48, and the lever I45 is connected to an arm 25A of a chute 25 by a spring I49. The lever I45 and the arm 21 are rigidly mounted on a small shaft I58, which oscillates in a bearing I5I on the bottom of the chute 25, as shown in Figs. 2, 4 and '7, Through these means, the cam I48, as it rotates, oscillates -the arm 21 in the chute 25, agitating the coffee therein, andaids it to slide the roasting chamber, as hereinbefore described.

A cam I52 on the cam shaft 8I actuates a lever I53 which is pivoted on the fulcrum shaft I88. The lever I53 is flexibly connected to the sliding door 23 by a hinge I54. Through these means, the cam I52, as it rotates, pullsopen the sliding door 23 and admits the green coffee from the receiving hopper 83 into the measuring'hopper 22 as mentioned hereinbefore.

A clockl58 is mounted on the plate casting 58.

An arm I53A is rigidly connected to the lever I53 and is flexibly connected to a hand I58A by a link I51. The hand I58A is rigidly connected with a drum I58B, the latter being connected with one end of a spring I58C. The other end of this-spring is connected to a stationary pin I58D. Thus as the cam I52 pushes the lever I53 back to the right to open the sliding door 23, it simultaneously turns the hand I58A and the drum I58B and winds the spring I58C. The lever I53 moves quickly back and closes the door 23, but

the hand I58A is connected to an escapement I58E and runs for a predetermined interval, for instance, '7 minutes. The purpose of the clock will be explained later in connection with the wiring diagram.

A cam I58 on the cam shaft 8! actuates a lever I88 which is pivoted on the fulcrum shaft I88. The lever I88 is flexibily connected to a sliding door 24 by a link IBI. Through thesemeans, the cam I59, as it rotates, pulls open the sliding door 23 after the sliding door 23 has closed, and dis charges a hopperful of coffee from the measuring hopper 22 onto the chute 25. A spring I82 pulls the door 24 shut.

down the chute into A cam I84 actuates a lever I85 which is pivoted on a pin I88 in an arm 38A of the supporting casting 38, as shown in Figs. 5 and 3. The lever [85 is flexibly connected to a door 88C in the bottom of the cleaning pan 88 through a link I81, bell crank lever I88 and link I89. Through these means, the cam, I84, as itrotates, pulls open the door 880 and dischargesthe cofiee, roasted and cleaned, from the cleaning pan 88 into the chamber 13. Spring I18 then pulls the door 880 shut. I A pulley I13 is rigidly mounted on the worm shaft 18 and is connected by a belt and idle pulleys I15 with a pulley-I14 on ashaft 18. The shaft 18 drives the brush 88 for cleaning the coffee.

The bottom parts of the machine are shown in Fig. 14; Underneath the fan there is a. chamber A filled with steel wool or other filter. Beneath the chamber 55A is-a chamber55B, with a horie zontal partition 55C dividing the two chambers.

The. chamber 553 holds a reservoir of water I86 in its'bottom, with a valve I8I and'float I82 to through the steel wool in the chamber 55A, and

thence through the cloth curtains I89. The water from the reservoir below saturates these curtains through capillary attraction. The air passes thence through the pipe 51, through the charcoal 56A and again through the steel wool in the chambers 56B and I19. The steel wool and the cloth filter out the fine dirt brought in the air current from the cleaning pan 68, and the water in the cloth humidifies the air. A drawer I84,

open at the top and bottom, serves as a vent. A

small part of the air passes out thence-while the bulk of it, cleaned and moistened, returns to the pan 68 to clean more coffee, as shown in Figs. 14, 5, 6 and 13. r y i i A solenoid I95 is flexibly connected to a lever 93 by a link I96. With the solehoid not energized, a spring I 96 holds the lever 99 and the gear 86 to the left and the clutch 8289 disengaged, as shown in Fig. 3. In this position, the motor 90 runs without turning the cam shaft or the cams thereon. When the solenoid I195 is energized, it

pulls the lever 93'and the gear 86 to the right,

engaging the clutch. 82-89 and turning the shaft 8|. I

A bimetallic thermostatic element I91 is supported within the roasting chamber 26 as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. It closes an electrical contact? at a predetermined temperature, for instance, 202 C. This conducts the electric current to the Solenoid I95, energizing it, thereby engaging the clutch 82-89. A switch is provided for connecting the machine with a supply circuit. A

switch shaft I99 carries a mercury switch. I92, the shaft having a handle I9I for its manual op- 86 and 38, chain 99, shaft current cannot flow- "eration. The handle in the drawings is shown horizontal, in which position the mercury is away from thewires and the switch is open. To start the machine, the operator fills' the receiving hopper 69 with green coffee and turns the handle I9I into the vertical position. The mercury flows then to the right hand end of the tube I92, covering the wires I92A and I92B and thereby closing the switch to conduct the electric current to the machine, as shown in Fig. 9 -The current flows to the heating coil 28 through wires 28A and 26B, and heats the roasting chamber. The motor 96 receives the current through wires 96A, 96B and rheostat 96C, starting to rotate. The motor, through the worm 9| and gear 92, sprockets I6, gears I28, I26 and 5 I and hollow shaft 56, rotates the roasting chamber 26. a

The shaft 18, through the and belt I16, rotates the brush I69 over the perforated plate 66A. However, until the thermostat I61 is heated to its predetermined tempera:

the solenoid I96 or to open the sliding, door 29 and admit coifee. 'Iherefore, no coffee passes down the, receiving hopper 69 until the thermostat, and chamber-26,

I right hand end of thecam tudinally.

shaft n. 'rne cam in pulleys nun. m. m by a pin ms. and

past it to energize reach their proper roasting temperature, such as 202 C. When, however, the required temperature isreached, the thermostat I 91 makes the electrical contact, solenoid I is energized, the shaft 8I-rotates and the sliding doors 29 and 26 open and close,.thereby admitting a hopperful of coffee to the roasting chamber 26.

. It is necessary that the coflee shall remain in the roasting chamber through a' predetermined interval, and this is accomplished as follows. A

closed, thesolenoid can be energized. Now when;

the. lever I59 moves to the right and opens the door 29, it windsthe clock I56 and also opens the clock switch I56, as shown in Figs. '7 and 9. But

, current continues to flow through the mercury switch I98 and the solenoid I95 remains energized until the cam 29I opens that switch. Then the solenoid is deenergizedand the spring I96 disengages the clutch 82-89 (Fig. 3), and the cam shaft stops.

When the operator turns the handle I9I to the horizontal position in order to shutoff the current and stop the machine, it is necessary that it does not stop at once, but that it finishes roasting and cleaning the coffee already within it. This is accomplished as follows:

A mercury switch 266,. is carried and actuated by a lever .26! carried on the fulcrum shaft I66, and a lever 261 is adjacent to the lever.I59, as shown in Figs. 7,2 and 3. In the normal operation of the machine, the cam I52 engages and actuates the lever I59 and sliding door 29 to admit green coffee. Referring to the wiring diagram Fig. 9, if the handswitch I92 is closed, electric current. may fiow through 'it and through the.

wires I92A and I923, from an outside source to the heater 26, motor 96 and-other parts of the -machine as described. Now if the automatic switch 286 is closed, current may also flow through it and through the wires 266A and 2668 from the 9 same outside source to the heater, motor and other parts of the machine. Thus if either hand switch I92 or the automatic switch 266 is closed, current may fiow into the machine and actuate It I .The handle m ,is rigidly fastened on the shaft 6, the latter carrying a cylindrical cam 266, as shown in Figs.

'I, 2 and 3. The cylindrical cm 269 actuates a lever 2 I6 which is pivoted on a stationary fulcrum pin 2 on the housing 92. The

shaft 8| is bored longi- Pins 2I6A of the'lever- 2I6 fit in the roovev 2I2A of the lever 2I2 and slide said lever 2I2 to therlght or left within the bore ofthe cam is pinned to the shaft the right or left in the slot "A, as shown lin Fig. 8.

Thus, when the handle "I is vertical and the machine is running, the shaft 2I2 'isin its left hand position, shown fully in Hg. 12, and the cam I82 engages the lever I59, opens the sliding door 29 and admits coifee to the machine. When the handle "I is horizontal, the shaft 2I2 is pulled out to its right hand position, and the cam I52,

, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 12, no longer engages the lever I53 but engages the lever 201. The

first eifect, then, of placing the lever MI in the horizontal position, is to leave the door 23 shut so that no more coffee can enter the machine. Placing it horizontally also opens the hand switch I92 so that current can no longer flow through it to the motorand other working parts. But so long as automatic switch 206 is closed, current can flow through it, and the machine continues to run. It continues to run until the cam I52 throws the lever 201. and thereby opens the automatic switch 206, and the parts are so arranged that this occurs at the end of the cycle when a given roasting and cleaning operation is completed.

' I claim as my invention:

1. A coifee roasting' niachine comprising a housing, a hollow shaft, means to inclinably support the shaft in the housing,.a spider rotatively supported on the shaft, a roasting cylinder supported by one end on the spider, the other end of the cylinder being closed, a hollow rod passing through the shaft into the cylinder and supported by its outer end in the inclinable shaft support, an electric heater in the cylinder supported on the rod; a stationary cover for the spider end of the cyl-- inder, a door in the lower portion of the cover, means to open the door by the inclining movement of the cylinder, a discharging chute under the door, a loading chute in the cover, means to rotate the cylinder, means periodically to deliver charges of a raw material into the cylinder through the loading chute, means to control the length of time of roasting, means to incline the cylinder toward the rear at the expiration of theroasting period thereby opening the door for discharging the roasted product, and means to clean the discharged product. A

2. A coffee roasting machine comprising a housing, a hollow rod supported in the housing, "a hollow shaft rotatively supported on the rod, a spider supported on the shaft, a roasting cylinder supported by one end on the shaft, means to ro tate the shaft with the cylinder, means to deliver a raw material into the cylinder, an electric heater supported on the rod in the cylinder, a casing partly enclosing the rod and the heater, the rod being provided with apertures in the casing, means to deliver air through the rod and through the casing intp the cylinder for roasting the material, means to discharge the roasted product from the cylinder, and means to control the length of time between the discharging operations.

3. A coffee roasting machine comprising a housing, a bracket rotatively supported 'in the housing, a hollow shaft rotatively supported in the bracket, a spider supported on the-shaft, a roasting cylinder supported by one end on the spider, a hollow rod passing through the shaft into the cylinder, an electric heater on the rod, means to deliver a raw material into the cylinder, meansto .rotate the cylinder, means to deliver air into the cylinder through therod, means to cause the air to flow around the heater before it enters the cylinder for roasting the coffee, and means to in cline the bracket -with the shaft and the cylinder for discharging the roasted product, said rotating and" said air delivering means being adapted to remain operative when the cylinder is in the inclined position.

4. A coffee roasting machine comprising a housing, a roasting cylinder rotatively supported in the housing, means to rotate the cylinder,

means to deliver a raw material into the cylinder,

the air for roasting the material, means to remove the roasted product from the cylinder, 9. receiving container for the product, a container with a filtering material, a container with an air humidifying and washingv material, means to circulate air through the roasted hot product in the receiving container, through the filtering materiaL' and through the cylinder .over the heater.

5. A coffee roasting machine comprising a roasting cylinder, a tubular extension on one end of the cylinder, a bracket rotatively supporting the tubular extension, means'to rotate the cylinder by its tubular extension, a tubular rod extending into the cylinder through the tubular extension, an electric heater supported on the rod in the cylinder, a casing partly enclosing the rod and the heater, the casing being made of a material transparent to radiation and resistant to heat conduction, means to force air into the casing through the rod, means to deliver -a raw material into the cylinder, and means to remove the roasted product from the cylinder.

6. A coffee roasting machine comprising a roasting cylinder, a tubular extension on the cylinder, a bracket rotatively supporting the extension, a frame supporting the bracket, an electric motor supported on the frame, operative connections between the motor and the cylinder extension, the cylinder being adapted to be inclined on the bracket, means operated by the motor for inclining the cylinder, the connections between the motor and cylinder being adapted to remain operative when the cylinder is inclined in relation to the motor, means to deliver a raw mate.-

rial into the cylinder, means to force air into the cylinder, means to heat the air for roasting the material, means to dischargethe roasted product ported on the frame and adapted to be inclined with the cylinder, an electric motor supported on the frame and operativelyconhected with the extension for rotating thev cylinder, an'electric heater in the cylinder, a casing partly enclosing the heater, means to deliver a raw material into the cylinder, means to blow air into the cylinder through the casing over the heater for roasting the material, a cam shaft rotatively supported on the frame, a clutch connecting the cam shaft with the motor, a; magnet controlling the clutch, a thermostatic'element in the cylinder adapted to control the magnet, means to operate the ma terial delivering means by the cam shaft, a clock mechanism, means to render the clock operative by the material delivery operating means, a switch on the clock adapted to disconnect the magnet circuit when the clock begins to operate, and being adapted to be closed by the clock at the expirationof a predetermined period of time, and means operated by the cam shaft for inclining the cylinder for discharging the roasted product when the magnet is rendered operative .by the clock mechanism.

8. A coffee roasting machine W comprising a roasting cylinder, means to rotatively support the cylinder,- means to rotate thecylinder, a

feeder adapted to deliver a raw material into the cylinder, means to roast the material in the cylinder, means to discharge the master product from the cylinder, a camimechanism adapted to operate the feeder by the cylinder rotating to control the motor and means, the

manual means being adapted to render the camoperated means operative until the roasting and discharging operations are completed and when the manual means is placed in the inoperative position.

9. A coflee roasting machine comprising a roasting cylinder, means to rotatively support the cylinder, means to rotate the cylinder, a feeder adapted to deliver a charge of a raw material into the cylinder, an electrical means to roast the material in the cylinder, means to discharge the roasted product from the cylinder, a clock mechanism, means to wind the clock mechanism during char n operation of the feeder, the clock being adapted to run for a predetermined period of time after being wound, means to render the feeder and the discharging means inoperative for a predetermined period of time by the clock, a manually operable switch for the.

cylinder rotating means and material roasting means, and means to maintain the roasting and rotating means operative until the last roasting and discharging operations are completed when the manual switch is placed in the inoperative position.

10. A coifee roasting machine comprising a roasting cylinder, means to rotatively support the cylinder, 9. motor adapted to rotate the cylinder, a feeder adapted to deliver a charge of a raw material into the cylinder, an electric heater in the cylinder for roasting the material, means to discharge the roasted product from the cylinder, a manually operable switch for the motor and heater, a supplementary switch for the motor and heater, means to operate the feeder by the motor, and means to transfer the feeder operating means to the supplementary switch by the manual switch being placed in the inoperative position, the supplementary switch being adapted to be disconnected upon completion of the last roasting and discharging operations.

11. A cofl'ee roasting machine comprising a roasting cylinder, means to roast the material in the cylinder, means to discharge the roasted product from the cylinder, a container for the hot discharged roasted product, means to remove the chaff from the product in the container, means to suck air through the product in the SANFORD E. RICHESON. 

